Incoterms® 2020 Guide
Master the 11 international commercial terms that define buyer and seller responsibilities in global trade. Click any term below for comprehensive details, African trade examples, and common mistakes.
Departure
Minimum seller obligation
Main Carriage Unpaid
Seller delivers to carrier
Main Carriage Paid
Seller pays carriage
Arrival
Maximum seller obligation
EDeparture - Minimum seller obligation
FMain Carriage Unpaid - Seller delivers to carrier
CMain Carriage Paid - Seller pays carriage
Cost and Freight
Risk transfers: On board vessel (⚠️ risk gap)
Insurance: BuyerCost, Insurance and Freight
Risk transfers: On board vessel (seller insures min)
Insurance: Seller (min)Carriage Paid To
Risk transfers: At first carrier (⚠️ risk gap)
Insurance: BuyerCarriage and Insurance Paid To
Risk transfers: At first carrier (seller insures all-risks)
Insurance: Seller (ICC A)DArrival - Maximum seller obligation
Which Incoterm Should You Use?
Answer these questions to find the right Incoterm for your shipment
Question 1: What is your transport mode?
Test Your Incoterms Knowledge
Test Your Knowledge
Question 1 of 6You're exporting cocoa from Ghana. The buyer says they have better freight rates. Which Incoterm?